Estimation of Target Maneuver Acceleration and Guidance Law Implementation in Homing Terminal Guidance

Estimation problem of target maneuvering acceleration in three-dimensional space

三维空间中目标机动加速度的估值问题

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This paper presents a method extracting target acceleration by using discrete Wigner-Ville distribution under low pulse repetition frequency ( PRF) and a finite number of samples, velocity information ( Doppler frequency) of target can be obtained simultaneously by using the time-frequency analysis method.

提出了一种在低脉冲重复频率（PRF）和对目标采样数有限情况下提取加速度信息的方法。用这种离散时频分析方法同时也能获得目标的速度信息（多普勒频率）。

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The proposed guidance law only uses the information of the target acceleration bound, therefore the precise measuring of target acceleration during interception is not required, namely, the robustness to target maneuver is achieved.

变结构制导律仅利用了目标加速度界限的信息，因而在拦截过程中，并不需要精确的测量目标加速度，也就是取得了对目标机动的鲁棒性。

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The unknown target acceleration is regarded as additive process noise, and the time-varying variance of the overall process noise is computed with a fuzzy system, and GA is used to optimize it.

它将未知的机动加速度看作附加过程噪声，全部过程噪声的时变方差用模糊系统来估计，并用遗传算法对模糊系统进行优化。

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The PN-variant guidance algorithms such as OGL and APN require information about target acceleration, but it is difficult to obtain the information without time delay.

PN制导的其它算法则需要目标加速度的有关信息，而这些信息一般难于精确测量。

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System perturbation and target acceleration are regarded as an exogenous disturbance, then the guidance law which meets the performance of L_2 gain is achieved by Lyapunov method.

将系统结构摄动和目标加速度视为外部干扰量，基于Lyapunov稳定性理论推导了一种满足L2增益指标的鲁棒制导律。

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In this paper, a method, which synthesizes the artificial ground motion compatible with the specified peak velocity as well as the target acceleration response spectrum, was proposed.

提出一种以绝对加速度反应谱和峰值速度为目标的合成人造地震动时程的方法。

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The filter dynamics are built in the three dimensional engagement scenario and the states are composed of relative position, velocity, missile acceleration and target acceleration.

在三维坐标下，创建包含导弹运动方程、目标运动方程、弹目相对运动方程的滤波模型。

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HP nonlinear guidance law is presented based on the second-order sliding mode control theory, considering the kinematics of interception and the uncertainty of target acceleration.

在建立了目标和拦截器的三维制导模型基础上，采用全局二阶滑模控制理论设计了二阶滑模HP非线性制导律。

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The modified gain extended Kalman filter is employed in the state estimation and the target acceleration vector is periodically calculated in a recursive manner.

BOT的状态估计采用修正增益扩展卡尔曼滤波器（MGEKF），目标加速度采用周期递推估计。

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The bias Doppler frequency for the time delay of A/ D sampling start responds to that for target acceleration.

A/D采样起始点延时所引起的多普勒偏差对应于目标加速度所引起的多普勒频移。

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To obtain the precision target acceleration, in practice, a second order extended state observer ( ESO) is designed.

为了解决实际应用时的目标机动加速度不可测的问题，设计了二阶的扩张状态观测器。

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It is adapted to win manoeuvrable targets by taking target acceleration into feedback loop.

该制导律包含目标加速度反馈，能对付机动目标；

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The proposed guidance law only uses the information for the target acceleration bound;

因而变结构制导律仅利用了目标加速度界限的信息。

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Calculating RCS of Complex Target Coated with RAM

复杂涂敷目标的RCS计算

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The fourth stage is the20 pound LEAP kill vehicle, which uses infrared sensors to close on the target and ram it.

第四级是20磅“动能拦截弹头”（LEAP）杀伤运载具，采用红外传感器逐渐接近和碰撞目标。

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Reduction of the zinc consumption on the continuous galvanizing line of ILVA tarente

减少ILVA TARENTE厂连续镀锌线的锌消耗

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Gross weight is the sum of total weight of the commodity itself and the tare ( the package weight). That's to say it refers to the net weight plus the tare weight of the goods.

毛重是指商品本身的重量加上皮重（包装的重量），也就是净重和皮重的总重量。

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The tare weight is subtracted from the actual weight, and the difference is multiplied by 14.7 to determine the amount of gas in standard cubic feet.

皮重减去实际重量，差值乘以14.7就可以确定以标准立方英尺为单位的气体数量。

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It shows that both the stem weight and the bast weight have effect on the tare weight per plant, both of them are the determining factor. 2.

对单株皮重影响最大的是分枝重和茎重，二者是单株皮重的决定因素。2.从造纸的角度来看，棉秆韧皮纤维质量较好。

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